Search results for "Blood Chemical Analysi"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Postmortem distribution of dihydrocodeine and metabolites in a fatal case of dihydrocodeine intoxication.
1998
A report of a fatal dihydrocodeine ingestion under substitution therapy is given. Quantitation of dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, N-nordihydrocodeine, dihydrocodeine-6-, dihydromorphine-6- and dihydromorphine-3-glucuronide was performed simultaneously after solid-phase extraction prior to HPLC analysis, and the analytes were detected using their native fluorescence. Postmortem concentrations of blood samples from different sampling sites as well as from liver, kidney and cerebrum are reported. A hair sample was investigated to prove long-term use of the substitute drug. Site-to-site differences of the analytes from blood samples were very small. The partition behavior of the opioid glucuro…
Vitamin D deficiency predicts cognitive decline in older men and women: The Pro.V.A. Study
2014
Objective: To test the hypothesis that hypovitaminosis D is associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline over a 4.4-year follow-up in a large sample of older adults. Methods: This research was part of the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.), an Italian populationbased cohort study of 1,927 elderly subjects. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels were measured at the baseline. Global cognitive function was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); scores lower than 24 were indicative of cognitive dysfunction, and a decline of 3 or more points on the MMSE over the follow-up was considered as clinically significant. Analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders, includin…
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the measurement of pyridoxal-5-phosphate and 4-pyridoxic acid in human plasma.
2014
Abstract Background Low concentration of plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and inflammation. Most methods for the measurement of plasma PLP require large specimen volume and involve the use of toxic reagents. Methods We have developed a HPLC method for the measurement of PLP and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) in plasma, which requires small specimen volume. The samples are prepared without adding any toxic reagents. Furthermore, we have examined whether intake of vitamin B 6 affects the concentration of plasma PLP and 4-PA. Results The coefficient of variation of the method was 6% and the recovery of the added vitamin in plasma was about 100%. The concentra…
Cytokine serum profile in a group of Sicilian Nonagenarians
2011
The aim of our study was to evaluate the possibility of using multiplex analysis of the cytokine profile as a marker for successful aging by comparing cytokine plasmatic levels of a group of Sicilian nonagenarians with those of young controls. We analyzed a panel of 17 cytokines, comprehensive of haematopoietic factors T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, inflammation regulatory cytokines, and chemokines. The assay was carried out using the Luminex system. Interleukin (IL)-6 levels (p = 0.01) were increased in nonagenarians, whereas no modifications of other proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were observed. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-2 levels are unmodified, suggesting a substantial mainte…
New factors of cardiometabolic risk in severely obese children: influence of pubertal status
2009
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the utility of new biochemical markers to assess cardiometabolic risk in severely obese children and adolescents. A total of 107 subjects aged 7 to 14 years, were clinically assessed and anthropometric measures and percentage of fat mass by single frequency bioimpedance analysis were recorded. Of these, 44 were non-overweight and 63 severely obese (body mass index Z-score >2.5) which were stratified by Tanner stages. To estimate the metabolic risk the following variables were considered for analysis: Waist circumference/height >0.5, fasting glucose >100 mg/dL, triglycerides >110 mg/dL, HDL-C 95th percentile for age and gender. Fasting insuli…
Development and validation of a micellar liquid chromatographic method to determine three antitumorals in plasma
2017
Aim: A micellar liquid chromatographic method to determine several anticancer drugs (pazopanib, dabrafenib and regorafenib) in plasma was developed and validated by the guidelines of the EMA. Experimental: Plasma samples were directly injected, after a 1/5-dilution in a micellar solution. The drugs were resolved in <18 min using a C18 column. The mobile phase was an aqueous solution of 0.12 M SDS – 2% 1-pentanol, buffered at pH 7. The detection was performed by absorbance at 260 nm. Results: The values of the main validation parameters were: LOD (0.1–1 mg/l), calibration range (0.2–2 to 80 mg/l), accuracy (-12.5 to +11.7%) and precision (<11.9%). Conclusion: The procedure was conduct…
Current limitations of the Athlete's Biological Passport use in sports.
2011
The Athletes Biological Passport (ABP) has received both criticisms and support during this year. In a recent issue of The Lancet, Michael Wozny considered that the use of the ABP makes it more difficult to take banned substances and that it was successfully used against the Italian elite cyclist Franco Pellizotti. After that, Italy's anti-doping tribunal considered that there was not enough evidence to prove manipulation of his own blood profile in Pellizotti's case. However, the UCI appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) that sanctioned Pellizotti with a suspension of 2 years. Since its implementation, some problems have emerged. From 2010 to date, a large number of reports …
DALI: Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Are Current -Lactam Antibiotic Doses Sufficient for Critically Ill Patients?
2014
Background. Morbidity and mortality for critically ill patients with infections remains a global healthcare problem. We aimed to determine whether α-lactam antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients achieves concentrations associated with maximal activity and whether antibiotic concentrations affect patient outcome.Methods. This was a prospective, multinational pharmacokinetic point-prevalence study including 8 α-lactam antibiotics. Two blood samples were taken from each patient during a single dosing interval. The primary pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets were free antibiotic concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the pathogen at both 50% (50% f TMIC) an…
Is prolonged infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients associated with improved pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic an…
2016
Objectives: We utilized the database of the Defining Antibiotic Levels in Intensive care unit patients (DALI) study to statistically compare the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and clinical outcomes between prolonged- infusion and intermittent-bolus dosing of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in critically ill patients using inclusion criteria similar to those used in previous prospective studies. Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective, multicentre pharmacokinetic point-prevalence study (DALI), which recruited a large cohort of critically ill patients from 68 ICUs across 10 countries. Results: Of the 211 patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem in the DAL…
Circulating levels of 3-hydroxymyristate, a direct quantification of endotoxaemia in noninfected cirrhotic patients
2019
IF 4.5; International audience; Background & AimsThe quantification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in biological fluids is challenging. We aimed to measure plasma LPS concentration using a new method of direct quantification of 3‐hydroxymyristate (3‐HM), a lipid component of LPS, and to evaluate correlations between 3‐HM and markers of liver function, endothelial activation, portal hypertension and enterocyte damage.MethodsPlasma from 90 noninfected cirrhotic patients (30 Child‐Pugh [CP]‐A, 30 CP‐B, 30 CP‐C) was prospectively collected. The concentration of 3‐HM was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.Results3‐HM levels were higher in CP‐C patien…